A full database of all tributes is available in our Remembrance Centre. [22], There was a willingness to arm or recognise existing Protestant militias. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. WebThe Royal Ulster Constabulary (also known as the RUC) was the police force in Northern Ireland from 1922 to 2001. [44], Uniforms were not available at the outset so the men of the B Specials went on duty in their civilian clothes wearing an armband to signify they were Specials. The new region would consist of two thirds of Ulster, the six counties that Unionists could control. [67], The Special Constabulary were called out during the 12 July period in Belfast in 1931 after sectarian rioting broke out. In most cases these weapons were retained at home by the constables along with a quantity of ammunition. The Royal Irish Constabulary was disbanded in August 1922 and a new police force, Garda Sochna, took its place. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. [24] Charles Wickham, Chief of Police for the north of Ireland, favoured incorporation of the Ulster Volunteers into "regular military units" instead of having to "face them down". [47] The cost of maintaining the USC in 192122 was 1,500,000. This auxiliary force became known as the Black and Tans because of their uniform and were notorious for their brutality. [64] Collins continued to arrange the supply of arms covertly to the Northern IRA until shortly before his death in August 1922. [17][28] Catholic members were more easily targeted by the IRA for intimidation and assassination. It has been argued that their failure to deal with the 1969 disturbances was due to a failure on behalf of the Northern Ireland government to modernise their equipment, weaponry, training and approach to the job. It was an armed corps, organised partially on military lines and called out in times of emergency, such as war or insurgency. 5 Conclusion. Many records only recorded the constables first initial; therefore, if your search is unsuccessful, try searching for only your ancestors surname or select the name variants option on the search field. [i][38], Wilson warned the formation of a partisan constabulary "would mean; taking sides, civil war and savage reprisals. These records list the names of the clerical staff who worked for We can search for individuals and supply their service record at a charge of 25 per search. They also, Catholic Emancipation, term applied to the process by which Roman Catholics in the British Isles were relieved in the late 18th and early 19th cent., SS WebLisburn won the Ulster Special Constabulary (South Antrim District) Cup for rifle shooting at Langford Lodge, Crumlin, on Saturday, scoring 297 points. A Message From The SheriffIt is the mission of the Ulster County Sheriff's Office to serve the public by enhancing our partnership with the community, and in so . This database contains images of Church of England marriage records and banns in registers from parishes in the West Yorkshire area of England. This Friday, local historian David Keys will launch his latest book, 'Duty Bound', which collates information on the Special Constabulary/Ulster Special Constabulary (UFC), commonly called 'the B-Specials'. WebRoyal Irish Constabulary Service Records 1816-1922 also contains a variety of additional documents that record details of the Forces daily operations. [15], The idea of a volunteer police force in the north appealed to British Prime Minister David Lloyd George for several practical reasons; it freed up the RIC and military for use elsewhere in Ireland, it was cheap, and it did not need new legislation. B Specials generally deployed on foot but could be supplied with vehicles from the police pool. (April 27, 2023). CAIN: 'Why?' Precedents for change of regulations. ." Since disbandment the USC has assumed a place of "almost mythic proportions" within unionist folklore, whereas in the Nationalist community they are still reviled as the Protestant only, armed wing of the unionist government "associated with the worst examples of unfair treatment of Catholics in Northern Ireland by the police force". Encyclopedia.com. The Fermanagh Herald noted the opposition of Irish nationalists:[41].mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}. Unionists in Ireland's northeast were vehemently against this campaign and against Irish independence. WebService in the Ulster Special Constabulary which was not counted for the award of the medal or bar, may be counted with service as a member of the RUC Reserve. Its functions and membership were largely taken over by the Ulster Defence Regiment and the Royal Ulster Constabulary.[8]. Their duties would include combatting the urban guerrilla operations of the IRA, and the suppression of the local IRA in rural areas. There are special reports on the major figures of the time and the events that shaped modern Ireland available at bbc.co.uk/ni100. Measuring recruits at the RIC Depot in Phoenix Park, Dublin, 1903. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. There had been serious rioting between Catholics and Protestants in Derry in May and June and in Belfast in July, which had left up to 40 people dead. This record is held by Bedfordshire Archives. 2, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Carlow, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Cavan, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Clare, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Cork (ER), Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Cork (WR), Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Depot, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Down, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Dublin, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Dublin Castle Clerical Company, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Dublin Castle Guard Company, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Fermanagh, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Galway (Eastern Region), Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Galway (Western Region), Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Gormanston, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Kerry, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Kildare, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Kilkenny, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Kings County, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Leitrim, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Limerick, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Londonderry, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Longford, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Louth, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Mayp, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Meath, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Monaghan, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Queens County, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Roscommon, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Sligo, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Tipperary (Northern Region), Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Tipperary (Southern Region), Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Tyrone, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Waterford, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Westmeath, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Wexford, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, Wickford, Disbandment register (1922) treasury sheets, Irish recruits, miscellaneous no. : Octavo. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. To access the records held here you will either need to visit us, pay for research ( charges apply) or, where you can identify a specific record reference, order a copy ( charges apply ). background-color: #104E8B; The USC were mobilised when the regular RUC were overstretched by riots in Derry (known as the Battle of the Bogside). The Special Constabulary was, as well as an auxiliary to the police, effectively an army under the control of the Northern Ireland administration. "[80], When Jack Lynch, the Taoiseach of Ireland, moved Irish Army troops up to the border in response to the rioting, platoons of Specials were deployed to guard border police stations.[72]. It was founded on 1 June 1922 out of the Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC), the Belfast Borough Police Force and the Derry Borough Police Force (known colloquially as the "Derry City Force" - a name which stayed for many years). [88] Initially, the Regiment had 4,000 members who worked part-time while the new special constabulary, the RUC Reserve which replaced the B-Specials, initially consisted of 1,500 members.[89][90][91]. [49] However, the force was remobilised in November 1921, after security powers were transferred from London to the Northern Ireland Government. The Anglo-Irish Treaty had agreed the partition of Ireland, between the Irish Free State and Northern Ireland. - names and addresses of Special Constables sworn in as Ordinary Special Constables in Leighton Buzzard and She told BBC News NI: "I don't think there would be anything terribly embarrassing, that would be any different to much of what's released already. WebThe fax number for Records is (801) 377-7315. Therefore, its best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publications requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. Dr Coleman said the release of the documents could help formulate a clearer picture of the make-up and age profile of the force when it was formed in 1920 and how closely, or not, it mirrored the Ulster Volunteer Force which was set up during the previous decade. One of the reasons for this was to enable rapid call out of platoons, via a runner from the local RUC station, without the need to issue arms from a central armoury. The IRA, although now split over the Treaty, continued offensive operations in Northern Ireland, with the co-operation of Michael Collins, leader of the Free State, and Liam Lynch, leader of the Anti-Treaty IRA faction. WebPlease note we are unable to feature dedicated trees, plaques and benches in the list below. WebSpecial police constable ww2 records?? Constabulary Force Funds On 23 July 1920 Craig informed the British cabinet that the "Specials" would "prevent mob law and the Protestants from running amok. The Anglo-Irish treaty ended the war on 6 December 1921 and the Irish Free State was established in January 1922. In the following Scarman Tribunal, the findings said "the Tribunal has been at a loss to find any explanation for the shooting, which it is satisfied was a reckless and irresponsible thing to do. Formed in 1920 the Ulster Special Constabulary was also known as the B-Specials. WebThe British Government has accepted the recommendations of the Hunt committee on policing in Northern Ireland which include the abolition of the Ulster Special Constabulary, know as the 'B Specials'. The Special Constables were armed with Webley .38 revolvers and also LeeEnfield rifles and bayonets. The Oxford Companion to British History. margin: 3px; [citation needed], The IRA issued a statement which said that any Catholics who joined the specials would be treated as traitors by them and would be dealt with accordingly.[26]. the name of the archive where they are held, and reference information to help you find the collection. However, the date of retrieval is often important. [21] In Ballymacarrett, a Protestant rector named John Redmond had helped form a unit of ex-servicemen to keep the peace after the July riots. Together, the records will help to provide an overview of your ancestors career in the force. Posting here for interest. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. This did free up regular policemen who were generally more acceptable to most Ulster Catholics. 12481277), https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ulster-special-constabulary, Royal Ulster Constabulary (including Specials), Paramilitary Forces and Internal Security. However, once it became apparent that the British government was committed to implementing Dominion Status for all of Ireland outside Ulster in response to Sinn Fein's demands, which were far more radical than those of the defunct Irish Parliamentary Party, Unionists in most of the province of Ulster directed their energies into the partition of Ireland by the creation of Northern Ireland as an autonomous region in the United Kingdom. But the general case of a partisan force co-operating with Protestant mobs to attack Catholic people is devoid of substance, and we reject it utterly. font-size: 12px; With police and troops being drawn towards combating insurgency in the south and west, Unionists wanted a force that would be dedicated to taking on the IRA. The entries include the individuals birth date, native county, religion, previous occupation, date of appointment, and promotions, as well as any rewards or punishments received and the date of pension or the date of discharge. WebRUC ROYAL ULSTER SPECIAL CONSTABULARY n NORTHERN IRELAND IRISH POLICE. I am trying to find records for my friends Father and his Uncle. This meant that the B Specials had to be deployed, although they were not trained or equipped for public order situations. Fees: The fees associated with the release of records are Uniforms took the same pattern as RIC/RUC dress with high collared tunics. The regular Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) took over normal policing duties. (A small portion of East Donegal was ultimately included in the new Northern Ireland state.) [87] Despite the government's concerns about the handover of weapons and equipment, every single uniform and every single weapon was handed in. [3], The force was almost exclusively Ulster Protestant and as a result was viewed with great mistrust by Catholics. The USC's most intense period of deployment was in the first half of 1922, when conditions of a low-intensity war existed along the new Irish border between the Free State and Northern Ireland. [92] An Orange lodge was formed to commemorate the disbandment of the force called "Ulster Special Constabulary LOL No 1970". We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. In Northern Ireland, the police force became the Royal Ulster Constabulary. Their fury was natural as they saw that the Specials might well mean that they would be unable to intimidate and subdue the North by Force. The Ulster Special Constabulary (USC; commonly called the "B-Specials" or "B Men") was a quasi-military reserve special constable police force in Northern This database contains images of Church of England baptism records in registers from parishes in the West Yorkshire area of England. "[48] The government suggested the recruitment of more Catholics to form "Catholic only" patrols to cover Catholic areas, but this was not acted upon.[26]. The RUC had a paramilitary character until 1970, when the force was remodeled along the lines of police forces in Great Britain. Video, The secret mine that hid the Nazis' stolen treasure, MasterChef Australia host Jock Zonfrillo dies, Father tells how gunman opened fire on Texas home, Trump says 'great to be home' on visit to Scotland, NFL player's daughter, aged two, drowns in pool, Banana artwork in Seoul museum eaten by visitor, Trevelyan relative 'would consider' famine payment. "[70] Six RUC and eleven IRA men (but no Special Constables) were killed in this campaign. By Michael C. Rast. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events, All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated, Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI), About our Of the remainder, most died in accidents but two former officers were killed during the Troubles in the 1980s. WebThe original records go into greater details, showing where each man was stationed, where he had relatives, whether he got married, and if so the date, illnesses, conduct, It has been argued that their failure to deal with the 1969 disturbances was due to a failure on behalf of the Northern Ireland government to modernise their equipment, weaponry, training and approach to the job.[86]. The Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (Proni) is governed by the Department for Communities. Other scores were :- Drumbeg 294, Dunmurry 297, Brookmount 260, Glenavy 254, Knocknadona 226 and Aghalee 214. There are a small number of pension records unavailable online covering pensions awarded in the final few years of the RICs existence: 1. [1] It initially began as a series of unrelated small groups of The secret mine that hid the Nazis' stolen treasure. They sought to magnify and distort every incident and to stir up hatred of the force even before it started to function. Finding a Memorial During a visit our team will be happy to help you find specific memorials or recommend areas that you might like to visit as you are exploring. [92] An Ulster Special Constabulary Association was also set up soon after the disbandment. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. The Ulster Special Constabulary (USC; commonly called the "B-Specials" or "B Men") was a quasi-military [1] reserve special For years Britons resisted having a proper police force, because they associated it with repression, especially of the French kind. WebUlster Special Constabulary memorial. The Ulster Unionist Labour Association had established an "unofficial special constabulary," with members drawn chiefly from the shipyards, tasked with policing Protestant areas. Date: 1970 Feb 13-1970 Jun 02 Held by: The National Archives, Kew: Former reference in its original department: NI 5/54/01 (9044/1/1970) Legal status: Public Record(s) A spokesperson said: "Proni will scope the cataloguing and sensitivity review of the administrative records of the USC for the 1920s. Ulster Special Constabulary- Armagh Share 6 posts Fox8457 79 21 2 District Inspector 3rd Class Jan 26, 2020 #1 I came across these photos online, from the Picture Library Executive, National Museums NI. - A pamphlet published by the Ulster Special Speaking to The Impartial Reporter ahead of the book launch, David explained that he was inspired to write 'Duty Bound' The B Specials' role in these events led to its disbandment the following year. Can anyone tell me where the records are held for the Ulster Special Constabulary a part time unit of the Royal Ulster Constabulary founded Royal Irish Constabulary The Oxford Companion to British History. The lists recorded the staff members birth date, age at appointment, rank (such as junior or senior clerk), and department. One of his other major concerns was the use of the police force for carrying out military style operations. Between 1956 and 1962, the Special Constabulary was again mobilised to combat a guerilla campaign launched by the IRA. Other types of records you will find in this collection include, Chief of police department: staff and administration, correspondence, Conferring of the title `Royal Irish Constabulary': programme of ceremony (incomplete), Dublin Metropolitan Police-D division. [83], The Hon Justice Scarman, in his report on the rioting, was critical of the RUC's senior officers and of the way the B Specials were deployed into areas of civil disturbance which they had no training to deal with, which in some occasions led to a worsening of the situation. Explore this plethora of RIC records containing general registers, disbandment registers, nominal returns, and more. The constables drew pistols and truncheons before going on patrol and considerable efforts were made to use them only in Protestant areas. The USC continued to do duties for a month after the formation of the UDR and RUC Reserve to give both of the new forces time to consolidate. In some cases, the records list the marital status, names of spouses, and birth dates and places. Those marked with a cross means the constable was a member of the Peace Preservation Force, a peace keeping force which existed before the Royal Irish Constabulary. They recorded the members name, number, county, rank, and age, as well as the number of years in service in the force. Any marked with an asterisk are for chief constables of the 2nd class. By 1922 recruiting had swelled the numbers to: 5,500 A Specials, 19,000 B Specials and 7,500 C1 Specials. "[83] The Cameron Report described the B-Specials as "a partisan and paramilitary force recruited exclusively from Protestants. This Ulster Special Constabulary continued part-time until its replacement in 1970 by the present RUC Reserve. 192070. He reported that in Major Ronald Bunting's Ulster Protestant Volunteers (UPV), there was definite evidence of dual membership by Special Constables, of which he said "we consider highly undesirable and not in the public interest". The USC consisted of 32,000 men divided into four sections, all of whom were armed: The units were organised on military lines up to company level. WebThis collection includes a wide variety of registers that recorded appointments of regular and special constables, promotions, disciplinary actions, transfers, lists of applicants, injuries The request includes documents relating to the so-called B Specials, an auxiliary police force known officially as the Ulster Special Constabulary. In spring 1999, a major crisis erupted over Kosovo, the southernmost province of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, with the f, Ulster Defense Association/Ulster Freedom Fighters, Ulster County Community College: Tabular Data, Ulster County Community College: Narrative Description, Ulrich, Kim Johnston 1955(? You will also discover the persons salary. ballymenaguardian.co.uk [4][5] Unionists generally supported the USC as contributing to the defence of Northern Ireland from subversion and outside aggression. [65], Assessments of the USC's role in this conflict vary. sfnp error: no target: CITEREFHezlet1974 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, The Troubles in Northern Ireland (1920-1922), Timeline of the Irish War of Independence, The Troubles in Northern Ireland (19201922), Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association, Major Kenneth Wiggins Maginnis, Baron Maginnis of Drumglass, "Tit-for-tat: the War of Independence in the northern counties", "Craig-Collins Agreement text; downloaded 7 November 2010", "Why 'The Big Fellow' has little to teach political parties in modern Ireland", "Violence and Civil Disturbances in Northern Ireland in 1969 Report of Tribunal of Inquiry", "Cameron Report Disturbances in Northern Ireland (1969), Chapters 19", "Chapter 12 - The Cause of the Disorders", "CAIN: Violence and Civil Disturbances in Northern Ireland in 1969 Report of Tribunal of Inquiry", Ulster Special Constabulary Roll of Honour, Office of the Director of Corporate Enforcement, Belfast International Airport Constabulary, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulster_Special_Constabulary&oldid=1152118088, Defunct law enforcement agencies of Ireland, 1970 disestablishments in Northern Ireland, Defunct police forces of Northern Ireland, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from December 2022, All articles needing additional references, Pages using law enforcement agency with local civilian police general nature, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2014, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Map of Ulster Special Constabulary's jurisdiction, A Specials full-time and paid, worked alongside regular RIC men, but could not be posted outside their home areas (regular RIC officers could be posted anywhere in the country); usually served at static checkpoints (originally 5,500 members). Therefore, the main job of counter-insurgency in this border conflict fell to the Special Constabulary while the RIC/RUC patrolled the interior. There are a small number of pension records within this collection. In 1922, B Specials received two weeks training and A Specials were initially given six weeks training. The lists are organised by county and include the names of all the men serving with the Royal Irish Constabulary. These registers also provide records of transfers and dates, favourable and unfavourable records, and dates of promotions, as well as indicating if the officer served in the army or navy. You will also discover the persons salary. [78], The USC's most controversial conduct in the 1969 riots came in provincial towns, where the Special Constabulary formed the main response to the rioting. WebThe Cambridgeshire Constabulary is also exceptional in the number of documents which it has retained from the 1830's and 1840's, since police records do not generally pre-date the compulsory establishment of the new police following the 1856 Police Act. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. The RIC constables found within these records were employed during contentious years in Irish history. During that same time period members of the Dromore UVF were said to have supervised the expulsion of Catholic families from Dromore and many UVF units joined the new Constabulary with their commanders appointed to senior positions. [14][16], On 1 November 1920, the scheme was officially announced by the British government. Softcover. "Access to that particular collection could fill in quite a big gap about the security situation at the time that Northern Ireland was established.". [66], After the end of the 192022 conflict, the Special Constabulary was re-organised. King George V and Queen Mary arrive for the opening of the parliament of Northern Ireland in June 1921, The Ulster Special Constabulary was set up in 1920 and dissolved in 1970, The secret mine that hid the Nazis' stolen treasure. WebA force of special constabulary was used in support of the RUC during the grave unrest which accompanied the establishment of Northern Ireland over the objections of the Roman Catholic minority in those counties. [75][76], In Belfast, the USC were successful in restoring order in the predominantly Protestant Shankill area, where they performed their patrol duties unarmed. 9 Jan 2020 19:08. [26] A number of the newly appointed Special Constables (by the Lisburn Urban Council) had been charged with rioting and looting committed over three days and nights following the assassination RIC Inspector Oswald Swanzy. The Usc was seen as violent, ill-disciplined, and sectarian. Explore in 3D: The dazzling crown that makes a king. 4 Problems within the Polices forces. The government suggested that, with enough Catholic recruits, special constabulary patrols made up of Catholics only could be extended into Catholic areas. The lists recorded the individuals number, rank, name, religion, date of appointment, marital status, and station location. VideoThe secret mine that hid the Nazis' stolen treasure, LGBT troops take love for Eurovision to front line, Why an Indian comedian is challenging fake news rules. WebEnglish: The badge of the Ulster Special Constabulary; a former quasi-military reserve police force in Northern Ireland. [citation needed], Nationalists pointed out that the composition of the USC was overwhelmingly Protestant and loyal, claiming the government was arming Protestants to attack Catholics.
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ulster special constabulary service records